Ditta Kharisma Yolanda Putri
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Jember, Indonesia 68121

Atiqa Rahmawati
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Jember, Indonesia 68121

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/jobc.v1i1.105          

ABSTRACT
In this research, the extraction of essential oil from fresh basil leaves is conducted using solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) and microwave hydrodistillation (MHD) methods. Several parameters influence the extraction of basil oil using the SFME method: microwave power, the ratio of the mass of raw material to the volume of the distiller (F/D), material size, and the length of the extraction time. Additionally, the components contained in basil oil and changes in oil gland conditions in basil leaves before and after extraction were also evaluated. The optimum condition was obtained as follows: microwave power of 380 W, a ratio of 0.1 g/mL between the mass of raw material and the volume of the distiller (F/D), raw material size of intact (± 3 cm), and an extraction time of 60 min. Moreover, SFME has a shorter extraction time to produce yields than MHD methods. GC-MS analysis of basil oil identified 49 components. This study demonstrates that the SFME method is more effective than the MHD method for extracting basil oil from fresh leaves, based on both the time of extraction and yield. 

Keywords: basil oil, essential oil, microwave hydrodistillation, Ocimum basilicum L., solvent-free microwave extraction

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