Rizki Fitria Darmayanti
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Jember, Indonesia 68121

Yukihiro Tashiro
Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan

Kenji Sakai
Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan

Kenji Sonomoto
Bio-Architecture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/jobc.v1i1.108        

ABSTRACT
Butanol, as a product with specific toxicity for its producer, is necessary to be maintained in low concentration during fermentation. In-situ integrated recovery using extensive volume extraction was used in high cell density fermentation to prevent the lag phase in the prime condition. Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 ATCC 13564 was employed to ferment glucose in extractive fermentation with oleyl alcohol as extractant. As the results of fed-batch cultures using high cell density with different extractant to broth volume ratios (Ve/Vb), 0.8 g/l butanol concentration in the broth was maintained with a ratio of 10, which was much lower than 4.4 g/l with the ratio of 0.5. Besides, the Ve/Vb ratio of 10 demonstrated 2.7-fold higher total butanol concentration (28 g/l) than that 11 g/l obtained with a Ve/Vb ratio of 0.5. These results indicated that larger Ve/Vb improved total butanol concentration by reducing butanol toxicity in broth.

Keywords: butanol fermentation, extraction, oleyl alcohol, tributyrin, high cell density

REFERENCES

[1]   Merola, S. S., Tornatore, C., Marchitto, L., Valentino, G., and Corcione, F. E.: Experimental investigations of butanol-gasoline blends effects on the combustion process in a SI engine, Int. J. Energy Environ. Eng., 3, 1-14 (2012).

[2]   Hönig, V., Kotek, M., and Ma_rík, J.: Use of butanol as a fuel for internal combustion engines, Agron. Res., 12, 333-340 (2014). 

[3]   Lapuerta, M., Ballesteros, R., and Barba, J.: Strategies to introduce n-butanol in gasoline blends, Sustainability, 9, 589-598 (2017).

[4]  Jimenez, L., Garvin, A., and Costa-Lopez, J.: The production of butyl acetate and methanol via reactive and extractive distillation. I. Chemical equilibrium, kinetics, and mass-transfer issues, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 41, 6663-6669 (2002).

[5]   Ndaba, B., Chiyanzu, I., and Marx, S.: n-Butanol derived from biochemical and chemical routes: a review, Biotechnol. Rep., 8, 1-9 (2015).

[6]   Niesbach, A., Eurmeister, R., Keller, T., Lutze, P., and Gorak, A.: Esterification of acrylic acid and n-butanol in a pilot-scale reactive distillation column experimental investigation, model validation, and process analysis, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 51, 16444-16456 (2012).

[7]  Tudor, R. and Ashley, M.: Enhancement of industrial hydroformylation processes by the adoption of rhodium-based catalyst: Part I, Platin. Met. Rev., 51, 116-126 (2007).

[8] Sculzyk, K. R.: Which is a better transportation fuel e butanol or ethanol? Int. J. Energy Environ., 1, 1-12 (2010).

[9]    Darmayanti, R.F., Y. Tashiro, T. Noguchi, M. Gao, K. Sakai, and K. Sonomoto: Novel biobutanol fermentation at a large extractant volume ratio using immobilized Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4. J. Biosci. Bioeng., 126 (6), 750–757 (2018).

[10]  Heitmann, S., Stoffers, M., and Lutze, P.: Integrated processing for the separation of biobutanol. Part B: model-based process analysis, Green Process. Synth., 2, 121-141 (2013).

[11]  Abdehagh, N., Tezel, F. H., and Thibault, J.: Separation techniques in butanol production: challenges and developments, Biomass Bioenergy, 60, 222-246 (2014).

[12] Staggs, K. L. and Nielsen, D. R.: Improving n-butanol production in batch and semi-continuous processes through integrated product recovery, Process Biochem., 50, 1487e1498 (2015).

[13]  Roffler, S. R., Blanch, H. W., and Wilke, C. R.: In-situ recovery of butanol during fermentation, Bioprocess Eng., 2, 1-12 (1987). 

[14] Gao, M., TAshiro, Y., Wang, Q., Sakai, K., and Sonomoto, K.: High acetone-butanol-ethanol production in pH-stat co-feeding of acetate and glucose, J. Biosci. Bioeng., 122 (2), 176-182, 2016.

[15] Ishizaki, A., Michiwaki, S., Crabbe, E., Kobayashi, G., Sonomoto, K., and Yoshino, S.: Extractive acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation using methylated crude palm oil as extractant in batch culture of Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum Nl-4 (ATCC 13564), J. Biosci. Bioeng., 87, 352-356 (1999).

[16]  Zheng, J., Tashiro, Y., Yoshida, T., Gao, M., Wang, Q., Sonomoto, K.: Continuous butanol fermentation from xylose with high cell density by cell recycling system, Biores. Technol., 129, 360–365 (2013).

[17]  Tanaka, S., Tashiro, Y., Kobayashi, G., Ikegami, T., Negishi, H., Sakaki, K.:  Membrane-assisted extractive butanol fermentation by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 with 1-dodecanol as the extractant, Biores. Technol.,116, 448 – 452 (2012).

[18]  Bowles, L. K. and Ellefson, W. L.: Effects of butanol on Clostridium acetobutylicum, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 50, 1165-1170 (1985).

[19] Baba, S., Tashiro, Y., Shinto, H., Sonomoto, K.: Development of high-speed and highly efficient butanol production systems from butyric acid with high density of living cells of Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum, J. Biotechnol., 157, 605 – 612 (2012).

[20] Roffler, S.R., Blanch, H.W., Wilke, C.R.: In situ extractive fermentation of acetone and butanol, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 31, 135 -1143 (1988).

[21] Jeon, Y.J. and Lee, Y.Y.: Membrane-assisted extractive butanol fermentation, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 506, 536 – 542 (1987).

[22]  Tashiro, Y., Takeda, K., Kobayashi, G., Sonomoto, K.: High production of acetone–butanol–ethanol with high cell density culture by cell-recycling and bleeding. J. Biotechnol. 120, 197–206 (2005).

[23] Ishii, S., Taya, M., and Kobayashi, T.: Production of butanol by Clostridium acetobutylicum in extractive fermentation system, J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., 18, 125 – 130 (1985).