Nurtsulutsiyah
PT Mega Surya Eratama Mojokerto, Indonesia 61385

Yakub Hendrikson Manurung
PT IOL Indonesia Branch Manado

Istiqomah Rahmawati
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Jember, Indonesia 68121 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/jobc.v3i1.281        

ABSTRACT
Anthocyanins are polyphenolic compounds that are abundant in nature, with diversity in various types of plants. This study aimed to optimize the anthocyanin extraction process from cocoa shell waste using the MAE method to obtain the optimum particle size, ingredient/solvent ratio, and extraction time to produce high anthocyanin concentrations. The optimized extraction process variables include the size of the particle (1.05; 1.25; 1.49 and 2.5 x 10-4 m), the ratio of substrate/solvent (4.5; 12.5; 62.5; 79.5 x 10-3 g/mL), time of extraction (2, 4, 10, 14 minutes) and microwave power (100, 275, 450, and 625 watts). The Design Expert vs11 program with the Box-Behnken Design Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used in the research, and the selection of process conditions was carried out from a combination of factors that resulted in an optimal response. The relationship between variables on the modeled anthocyanin concentration response:

Y=0.000486-9.98637E-07A+0.026734B0.000041C-7.58240E-07D-0.000102AB+2.48606E-07AC+2.62878E09AD-0.000539BC+0.000012BD+9.71853E08CD

(A: particle size; B: cocoa shell: solvent ratio; C: extraction time; D: microwave power).

The optimal response value for anthocyanin concentration was 11.85.10-4 M, and the conditions of the extraction process were the particle size in the extraction process was 0.105 mm, the ratio of cocoa peel mass/ethanol was 0,03125 g/mL, the extraction time was 2 minutes, and the microwave power was 100 W.

Keywords: anthocyanin, aqueous mixture, cocoa peel, MAE

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